The electric power industry is commonly split up into four processes. These are electricity generation such as a power station, electric power transmission, electricity distribution and electricity retailing. In numerous countries, electric power companies possess the entire infrastructure from generating stations to transmission and distribution infrastructure. For this reason, electric power is seen as a characteristic monopoly. Electricity is required to see growing demand later on. The Information Revolution is profoundly dependent on electric power. This has happened prominently since the reform of the electricity supply industry in England and Wales in 1990. In some countries, wholesale electricity markets operate, with generators and retailers trading electricity in a similar way to shares and money.
A wide territory synchronous matrix, also known as an "interconnection" in North America, directly connects an enormous number of generators delivering AC power with the same relative recurrence to a huge number of consumers. For instance, there are four major interconnections in North America. In Europe one enormous network connects most of continental Europe. The business model behind the electric utility has changed throughout the years playing a fundamental job in shaping the electricity industry into what it is today; from generation, transmission, distribution, to the final neighborhood retailing.